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The influence of Countess Elizabeth Báthory in popular culture has been notable from the 18th century to the present day. Since her death, various myths and legends surrounding her story have preserved her as a prominent figure in folklore, literature, music, film, games and toys. ==In folklore and literature== The case of Countess Elizabeth Báthory inspired numerous stories and fairy tales. 18th and 19th century writers liberally added or omitted elements of the narrative. The most common motif of these works was that of the countess bathing in her victims' blood in order to retain beauty or youth. Frequently, the cruel countess would discover the secret of blood bathing when she slapped a female servant in rage, splashing parts of her own skin with blood. Upon removal of the blood, that portion of skin would seem younger and more beautiful than before. This legend appeared in print for the first time in 1729, in the Jesuit scholar László Turóczi’s ''Tragica Historia'',〔in ''Ungaria suis cum regibus compendia data'', Typis Academicis Soc. Jesu per Fridericum Gall. Anno MCCCXXIX. Mense Sepembri Die 8. p 188-193, quoted by Farin〕 the first written account of the Báthory case. When quoting him in his 1742 history book, Matthias Bel〔''Notitia Hungariae novae historico geographica, divisa in partes quator, () Tomus quartus''. Vienna Austriae, Impensis Paulli Straubii Bibliopolae. Typis Iohannis Petri van Ghelen, Typographie Regii, Anno MDCCXLII, p. 468-475. Quoted by Farin, p 21-27.〕 was sceptical about this particular detail,〔…ut spectatorem primi facinoris, cognitoremque cogitationum feminae fuisse, credi posset. … (colorful that ) one might think he had watched the first crimes and known the woman’s thoughts.〕 he nevertheless helped the legend to spread. Subsequent writers of history and fiction alike often identified vanity as the sole motivation for Báthory's crimes. Modern historians Radu Florescu and Raymond T. McNally have concluded that the theory Báthory murdered on account of her vanity sprang up from contemporary prejudices about gender roles. Women were not believed to be capable of violence for its own sake. At the beginning of the 19th century, the vanity motif was first questioned, and sadistic pleasure was considered a far more plausible motive for Báthory's crimes.〔(Freyherr von Mednyansky )Freyherr von M-y: ''Elisabeth Báthory'' in ''Hesperus'', Prague, October 1812, vol. 2, No. 59, p. 470-472, quoted by Farin, p. 61-65〕 In 1817, the witness accounts (which had surfaced in 1765) were published for the first time,〔''Hesperus'', Prague, June 1817, Vol. 1, No. 31, p. 241-248 and July 1817, Vol. 2, No. 34, p. 270-272〕 demonstrating that the bloodbaths or blood seeker for vanity aspect of Báthory's crimes were legend rather than fact. The legend nonetheless persisted in the popular imagination. Some versions of the story were told with the purpose of denouncing female vanity, while other versions aimed to entertain or thrill their audience. Some versions of the story incorporated even more elaborate torture chamber fantasies than recorded history could provide, such as the use of an iron maiden, which were not based on the evidence from Báthory's trial. Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, whose name inspired the term masochism, was inspired by the Báthory legend to write his 1874 novella ''Ewige Jugend'' ("eternal youth")〔''Ewige Jugend. 1611.'' in Leopold von Sacher-Masoch: ''Ewige Jugend und andere Geschichten'', Berlin: R. Jacobsthal 1886, pp 5–43.〕 Bathory also appears as the main antagonist in the novel ''Dracula the Un-dead'', a sequel to Bram Stoker's classic novel by his great grand-nephew Dacre Stoker and Ian Holt. In the book, she is cousin to Count Dracula and was the motive behind his decision to move to London in the original novel, as she was murdering women under the guise of Jack the Ripper and he swore to stop her. The historical novel ''The Countess'' by Rebecca Johns tells a first-person fictionalized account of Báthory's life from her prison cell at Csejthe Castle. In the book, she tells her son, Pál, the story of her life, explaining her behavior toward her servants as punishment for their disloyalty. In the novel Cold Blood by Syra Bond, the full horror of Bathory's life is captured in an expression of her warped imagination. The confused picture this produces, together with her lack of grasp on reality, creates a credible tandem world of torture and blood lust wrapped up in an overarching lack of regard for others. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elizabeth Báthory in popular culture」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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